Ben Hogan’s Five Lessons: The Modern Fundamentals of Golf
, written in 1957, still remains today the cornerstone of the modern theory of the golf swing.
Hogan, who became a golf professional at 19, dedicated the next twenty-five years to becoming arguably the greatest golfer of the twentieth century. No one, except for possibly Tiger Woods, worked harder on improving his or her golf game. His legendary book gives us Ben’s thoughts on learning and playing the game. Although many of today’s golf gurus have written books and devised methods based on Hogan’s theories, why not get it from the master himself?
Hogan developed a systematic approach to learning and mastering golf’s fundamentals. He arranges the information into five lessons. Each lesson is complete with wonderful drawings and great drills. This book is filled with simple and great advice. A great tip is to bring a pencil and paper with you when you practice and keep a record of your thoughts.
The book’s first lesson starts with a focus on the grip. At the beginning we find, “GOOD GOLF BEGINS WITH A GOOD GRIP.” Hogan believed the player’s only contact with the ball is through the clubhead, and the only direct physical contact with the club is through his hands. In the golf swing, the power is originated and generated by the movements of the body. As this power builds up, it is transferred from the body to the arms, which than transfers it through the hands to the clubhead. In a good grip both hands will act as “ONE UNIT.”
This pressure should be "active," the kind of pressure that makes your hand feel alive and ready for action. Some golfers grab hold of a club so ferociously they look like they’re going to twist the grip right off it. There’s no need for overdoing the strength of your grip. In fact, there’s a positive harm in it: you automatically tighten the muscles in the left arm and create too much stiffness. A grip that is too tight will also immobilize the wrist. A secure, alive, and comfortable grip is what you want, for, as the weighted clubhead is swung back, the fingers instinctively tighten their grasp on the shaft.
In golf there are certain things you must do quite precisely. The grip is one of those areas where being half right accomplishes nothing. On the other hand, when you practice and eventually master the right techniques, gripping the club correctly comes easily. Hogan devoted 19 pages of his book to the grip. He did not take the grip for granted! GOOD GOLF BEGINS WITH A GOOD GRIP.
Hogan warns us about proceeding too fast. For at least a week, he suggests, “ PUT IN 30 MINUTES OF DAILY PRACTICE ON THE GRIP. LEARNING THESE NEXT FUNDAMENTALS WILL THEN BE TWICE AS EASY AND TWICE AS VALUABLE.” The next lesson focuses on the fundamentals of the stance and posture. Hogan devotes 24 pages to this area.
Hogan writes, “The proper stance and posture enable a golfer to be perfectly balanced and poised throughout the swing. Only then will his legs, arms, and body be able to carry out their interrelated assignments correctly”. He works from the feet up. Width of stance, foot position, elbows, arms, weight distribution, knee flex, hip bend, and erectness of the back and head are all discussed and precisely described. “The fact that an apparently insignificant detail like the position of the left foot can affect your entire swing for better or for worse is an intrinsic part of golf.” Hogan suggests using a full-length mirror at home to develop these moves.
The First Part of The Swing is his third fundamental. Hogan emphasizes the importance of the waggle. For him the waggle was the bridge that linked the address with the start of the golf swing. The waggle is like a miniature practice swing. It is done with the left hand. Hogan devotes five pages to the waggle.
The order of movement in the backswing is hands, arms, shoulders, and hips. “Actually the hands start the clubhead back a split second before the arms start back. And the arms begin their movement a split second before the shoulders begin to turn. As a golfer acquires feel and rhythm through practice, the hands, arms, and shoulders will instinctively tie in on this split second schedule.”
The shoulders start turning immediately. The hips do not. You want to turn the shoulders as far around as they will go. Your head remains stationary. At the finish of the backswing your chin should be hitting against the top of your left shoulder. Hogan claims to have worn out his golf shirts at this spot. There are great drawings illustrating the amount of shoulder turn opposed to the amount of hip turn.
He also introduced the golf world to the concept of swing plane. For Hogan swing plane was, “simply described an angle of inclination running from the ball to the shoulders”. Not very simple is it? Hogan devotes seven pages to the backswing swing plane. As you look at the drawings this concept is very well described.
The second part of the swing is Hogan’s fourth fundamental. “The downswing is initiated by turning the hips to the left. The shoulders, arms, and hand in that order release their power. The great speed developed in this chain action carries the golfer all the way around to the finish of his follow through”.
Hogan talks about the plane of the downswing, which is different from the plane of the backswing. When the golfer is on this less steep swing he must hit from the inside. It eliminates the over the top error. It also allows for maximum strength and club head speed.
“Imagine that, at address, one end of an elastic strip is fastened to a wall directly behind your left hip and the other end is fastened to your left hip bone. As the shoulders turn the hips on the backswing, the elastic is stretched with increased tension. When you start turning the hips to the left, the elastic will snap back to the left with tremendous speed. Same thing with the hips”.
“The main thing for the novice or the average golfer is to keep any conscious hand action out of the swing”.
Lesson five is what else, summary and review!
Ben Hogan’s Five Lessons – The Modern Fundamentals of Golf stresses the technical parts of the golf swing and forty years later is still a must read for any serious golfer.
